“Pouya Energy” entered electricity production through new methods
The necessity of bartering solar panels with Iran’s oil export revenue to China
Engineer Mohammad Zaman Jelivan, CEO of “Pouya Energy Production and Development Negin Sabz Middle East” Holding, explained the existential philosophy of the company’s formation in an interview with Pardaz Media Group and said: “Pouya Energy” was formed as a subsidiary of the Mining and Metals Investment Holding with 100% shares in order to complete the value chain in the mining and steel industries.
Pardazesh Media Group: Considering that the mining and steel industries have not been without challenges in the energy sector, “Vamaden” has tried to achieve sustainable production and reduce non-profit production costs by entering the energy supply sector.
It is worth noting that, in addition to owning 25 percent of the shares of Gohar Energy Sirjan Company, Pouya Energy owns Semnan combined cycle power plants with four gas units with a capacity of 732 MW, of which 366 MW from its second gas block was put into operation in 2012. In addition, the Semnan 1 solar power plant with a capacity of 10 MW is among the projects that have been put into operation since February 2012.
Among the company’s development projects in the renewable sector is the construction of a 14 MW solar power plant in Semnan at a cost of over 300 billion tomans (adjacent to the Semnan 1 solar power plant). The company is also working on a 90-megawatt solar power plant project in Kermanshah, the first phase of which is being implemented by purchasing a portion of solar panels with a capacity of 10 megawatts. The construction of a 15-megawatt solar power plant in Semnan province at a cost of over 5.1 million euros and a four-year payback period is also among the company’s other development projects, the energy produced from which will be sold on the green electricity market.
In order to achieve sustainable development and complete the Semnan power plant cycle, this company has put on its agenda the completion of the Semnan combined cycle steam section with a capacity of 360 MW (steam turbine) at a cost of over 304 million euros, which will increase the efficiency of the power plant from a nominal efficiency of 36 to a nominal efficiency of 54 percent and reduce pollution. The steam section of the combined cycle power plant generates electrical energy without the need for fossil fuels, using the combustion products of gas turbines. By connecting the combined cycle steam units and renewable power plant units to the grid, it will be possible to enter the carbon certificate market and take advantage of the financial and economic benefits of selling carbon certificates (Carbon Credit), and the company has held negotiations with several voluntary markets and international companies active in the field of the environment.
According to the CEO of Pouya Energy, today’s electricity industry has taken a step towards renewable energies due to the necessity and compulsion caused by inhibiting factors such as imbalance in electricity production and consumption, environmental restrictions and pollution in the use of fossil fuels, imbalance in the gas and diesel sectors, the need to improve the composition of the country’s energy portfolio and increase reliability, cost-effectiveness and industrial competitiveness, in addition to global environmental requirements and standards.
Good work has been done in the Ministry of Energy and the Iran Renewable Energy and Electricity Efficiency Organization (SATBA) and appropriate structures have been created (such as the green electricity signboard, etc.). However, due to the existence of incompatible and uncoordinated laws and inconsistencies in implementation between different organizations, as well as the lack of development-oriented nature of some laws, we are still witnessing obstacles in the implementation of these projects. For example, the geographical dispersion of the network and the mismatch between the network and the land intended for the construction of the power plant (uneven network development and lack of appropriate infrastructure for connection to the national grid), the lack of an appropriate mechanism for validating and assessing the qualifications and qualifications of natural and legal persons requesting the construction of renewable power plants, which leads to the filling of the network capacity due to the allocation of network connection permits to many applicants who do not perform any activities, the weakness of the development infrastructure and integrated e-government, the lack of allocation of foreign exchange to supply foreign-made equipment such as panels and inverters (shortage of foreign exchange resources and the time-consuming process of its allocation), the lack of financial resources from banks or the National Development Fund, and the lack of appropriate allocation of credit and loans for support, whether in the National Development Fund or in banks, etc., have caused many companies, especially the private sectors that have attempted to create large capacities, to be unable to operate their plans or complete them in a timely and reasonable manner.
However, Pouya Energy Company has been able to realize some of its projects by taking continuous steps with existing liquidity and low facilities. In this regard, this group has presented proposals to SATBA, based on the idea that in exchange for receiving a portion of the country’s oil sales to China, solar panels and inverters would be imported, and then Iranian companies that have already been accredited by an independent institution would be provided with the inverter panels needed to establish the power plant, with a twenty or thirty percent down payment, instead of receiving a loan. The advantages of this measure include cashing out a portion of the country’s oil revenue and importing a productive commodity, providing panels and inverters (which are about 40 to 50 percent of the value of a solar power plant) from the country’s receivables to domestic companies, which can replace the policy of allocating high-interest loans and complicated bureaucracy (although there are not enough financial resources in the banking system and the National Development Fund), the possibility of saving on the country’s gas and diesel consumption, exporting gas and diesel, generating foreign exchange income for the country, and accelerating the construction of power plants.
Stating that a significant part of the energy challenge will be solved by renewable energies, Engineer Jelivan clarified: The country’s main peak consumption load is cooling because Iran is a tropical country, and on the other hand, we can also witness the peak of solar power plant production during the summer peak. In addition, solar power plants are installed and commissioned in a shorter time than thermal and wind power plants, and therefore, by quickly bringing solar power plants into operation, losses resulting from the loss of production and export of processed products such as steel, petrochemical products, etc. can be prevented; In response to the issue of the process of storing solar energy, especially with lithium batteries (BESS method), are not yet fully economical in the current conditions (except for sensitive loads or industries with high loss-of-profit costs), but in our country, given its vast geography, there is an attractive solution for this issue as well.
In the medium term, however, pumped storage power plants or flywheel banks can be used to store solar energy along with solar power plants on the southern coasts of the Persian Gulf and the Sea of Oman.
Instead of using lithium batteries, it used natural resources such as a portion of the low mountain range in the south of the country. Solar power plants can be installed in suitable locations from the end of Khuzestan and the beginning of Bushehr province (Bandar Deylam) on the Persian Gulf coast to Asaluyeh, Bandar Lengeh, Bandar Abbas, Makran coast and to Chabahar, on the Persian Gulf coast to the Sea of Oman. Probably after two or three years (if appropriate investment is made in the solar power plant area), we will have surplus production in the afternoon and evening hours. The surplus production of solar power plants can be used and then the water of the Persian Gulf (Sea of Oman) can be pumped to concrete reservoirs located on low mountains near the Persian Gulf (Sea of Oman) and practically by creating a storage pump power plant (such as the Siah Bisheh power plant), the gravitational energy of the water stored in the reservoirs on the mountain can be used as a power plant during the hours when the solar power plants are not in operation.
In addition to the storage pump power plants Yes, new technologies such as flywheel banks can also be used in the storage field.
Flywheel Energy Storage is a mechanical system that stores electrical energy in the form of kinetic energy in a high-speed rotating rotor. This rotor is usually made of steel or high-strength composite materials to withstand very high rotational speeds. When energy is needed, the flywheel acts as a generator, converting the stored kinetic energy back into electrical energy.
The most important advantages of flywheel technology include a longer lifespan than batteries and a high response speed, which is very suitable for applications such as stabilizing the frequency of the power grid. Also, the efficiency of this technology is high compared to competing technologies, and it is environmentally friendly because it is made of non-toxic materials.
The CEO of Pouya Energy listed another solution for generating electricity without producing pollution as the use of combined cycle power plants and stated: The thermal energy of the steam section of combined cycle power plants is the gas or smoke resulting from the combustion of gas turbines that exits the exhaust. Combined cycle power plants have an efficiency of between fifty and sixty percent. Considering that we have a significant gas power plant capacity (about 23,000 MW), which currently has an efficiency of about 30 or less and can be converted to a combined cycle, it is worth noting that one of Pooya Energy’s development plans is the construction of two combined cycle steam units, each of which uses the combustion products of two gas units (a total of four gas turbines). The total capacity of these two steam units is 360 MW and is being implemented at a cost of over three hundred and four million euros.
Meanwhile, a hydrogen production and desalination complex project using a solar power plant on the coast of Makran is on the agenda of Pouya Energy, which is in the process of securing capital and allocating land; in this project, hydrogen is produced using the PEM electrolysis method using the energy produced by the solar power plant, and we want to use this hydrogen in the production of green steel. This project, in turn, is considered one of the new projects in the world, which is currently being implemented in Australia, Saudi Arabia, Oman, etc., and Iran will join these countries by implementing these projects.
In conclusion, he mentioned some criticisms of the way household energy is consumed, noting that construction standards and lack of attention to Article 19 of the National Building Regulations, the production of low-efficiency household appliances, along with the ban on the import of low-energy household goods, high-energy motors in water coolers and other household appliances, and the general arrangement of the household energy basket in the past few decades have led to a significant portion of low-efficiency energy being used. For example, when using a water kettle on a gas stove, less than 15 percent of the energy generated by gas combustion is used to boil water, and the rest is wasted, but more than 80 percent of the energy transferred to an electric kettle is used to boil it.
Also, regarding improving the energy efficiency of water coolers, if the production of conventional electric motors with an efficiency of less than 45% is prevented, and energy labels are made mandatory and replaced with high-efficiency electric motors with an efficiency of around 80%, it will be possible to save more than three thousand megawatts of electrical energy demand during the summer peak.
On the other hand, building regulations in the implementation of walls, doors and windows, the use of separate motor homes, etc., also contribute to the waste of this energy. For example, in cold countries such as Russia, Canada, Scandinavia, etc., waste heat from power plants (located on the outskirts of cities) is used to produce hot water and transfer it to the home network through a piping system, in order to prevent the waste of energy from the exhaust fumes of these power plants. As a result, the creation of incorrect energy mix bases (bringing gas to all homes in cities and villages) in the past decades and the economic and social complexities of changing lifestyles and energy mix have created challenges that are affecting the country today in the industrial and domestic sectors.
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